Caring for a loved one with Dementia

Caring for anyone has it's challenges, but how exactly do we navigate a world where the person we're caring for, doesn't remember who we are? Or sometimes, even who they are? Here are our top tips for caring for a loved one with Dementia...

What is Dementia?

Dementia is not a single disease, but rather an umbrella term that describes a collection of symptoms that occur when brain cells stop functioning properly. These symptoms can include loss of memory, language, problem-solving skills and other thinking abilities. Alzheimer’s and other diseases that are grouped under this general term are caused by abnormal brain changes, which trigger a decline in cognitive function.

Is Dementia Just Forgetfulness?

Most of us forget little things all the time, for example the name of the person we just met or where we left our wallet. This is just how the normal, healthy brain functions and although there are lots of brain games and exercises we can do to improve our memory skills, there will always be things we forget from time to time, especially as we get older.

Most of us will encounter a decline in our memory and thinking skills as we age, but this shouldn't interfere too much with our everyday lives. For people with Dementia however, these changes in cognitive function can be incredibly disruptive and sometimes cause a lot of emotional stress, confusion and often depression.

When is it time to see the Doctor?

If you or your family have any concerns about changes in memory, personality, behaviour, general mental functioning or ability to carry out tasks - you should see a doctor. It might not be a symptom of Dementia, but if it is early diagnosis is key in getting the right treatment plan for the best possible future.

Signs and Symptoms of Dementia

The signs and symptoms of Dementia vary from person to person, but some common things to look out for include:

• Often repeating stories or comments as though saying it for the first time

• Repeating tasks, not realizing they have already been done

• Difficulty staying on topic during conversations, or remembering what was just said

• Loosing track of thoughts, what day it is, or what they were just doing

• Often forgetting names, or confusing people for others

• Forgetting skills they had previously mastered, such as time keeping, baking or knitting

• Forgetting personal interests, appointments or commitments

• Difficulty completing familiar tasks

• Taking spontaneous trips, thinking they had plans to go somewhere when they didn’t

• New problems with understanding language, confusion when reading and/or writing

If you or someone you know is experiencing memory loss or noticeable changes in cognitive ability, it’s important to speak to a doctor as soon as possible.

Caring for someone with Dementia

A diagnosis of Dementia can feel scary and isolating, so we’ve put together a short list of things you can do as the carer of someone with dementia, to help make life a little easier for them, and you.

Familiarity and Routine

Keeping a familiar routine provides comfort and stability by giving those with Dementia a sense of what's coming next. Although they may not remember your name or what day it is, they'll likely remember that at 5pm - tea and biscuits are coming!

Comfort and Safety

Often, people with Dementia may forget to put a blanket over their legs when cold, or to hold the handrail when going upstairs. Make sure to regularly check their environment to make sure it's as safe and comfortable for them as it can be. Remove any cords or rugs they may trip over, make sure their home has good lighting, and if needed, place brightly coloured tape around steps to make them easier to spot.

Use Notes & To-Do Lists

Keep a daily planner nearby and encourage them to look at it regularly so they can remind themselves and prepare for any activities or appointments they have planned.

A Sense of Control and Independence

Allow them to do for themselves what they still have the ability to do. Encourage independence by taking a step back, and providing encouragement and verbal support as they complete a small task or activity by themselves. Offer them choices, such as 'would you like lamb or chicken today?' or 'would you like to watch TV for a bit or shall we take a walk in the garden?' to help cultivate a sense of control.

Reassurance

Often, those with Dementia struggle with feeling scared, isolated, confused and even angry at times. To help them through these emotions, offer plenty of verbal reassurance, comfort and support.

Diet and Exercise

It's common for people with Dementia to simply forget to eat and exercise. As a carer, it's up to you to make sure they're getting regular healthy meals and daily movement. There are many foods that support brain health such as berries, leafy greens and fish, as well as supplements and chewable vitamins that can be taken each morning. A simply slow walk around the garden or short trip out to a local coffee shop is a great way to get them moving.